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Queensferry

Module 05

Phase relationships and soil states

Solids, water and air — the void ratio, water content and saturation that describe a soil's state, and the unit weights that follow from them.

What this module covers

  • Draw and label the three-phase model of a soil
  • Define void ratio, porosity, water content, degree of saturation and specific gravity
  • Derive n = e/(1+e) and the Se = wGs identity from the phase model
  • Derive the bulk, dry, saturated and submerged unit weights
  • Compute a soil's state and unit weights from measured quantities
  • Place a fine soil on the plasticity scale using the liquidity index

Lessons

  1. Volumes and masses of solids, water and air, and the ratios that describe them.

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  2. Derive the master identity and the four unit weights, then compute a real soil state.

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  3. Atterberg limits, plasticity and the liquidity index that places a clay on its state scale.

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Module checkpoint

Check what you have taken in

2 questions

  1. Question 1

    A saturated soil has w = 30% and Gs = 2.72. What is its void ratio?

  2. Question 2

    Which unit weight should be used for effective stress below the water table?