Module 05
Phase relationships and soil states
Solids, water and air — the void ratio, water content and saturation that describe a soil's state, and the unit weights that follow from them.
What this module covers
- Draw and label the three-phase model of a soil
- Define void ratio, porosity, water content, degree of saturation and specific gravity
- Derive n = e/(1+e) and the Se = wGs identity from the phase model
- Derive the bulk, dry, saturated and submerged unit weights
- Compute a soil's state and unit weights from measured quantities
- Place a fine soil on the plasticity scale using the liquidity index
Lessons
Volumes and masses of solids, water and air, and the ratios that describe them.
Start lesson →Derive the master identity and the four unit weights, then compute a real soil state.
Start lesson →Atterberg limits, plasticity and the liquidity index that places a clay on its state scale.
Start lesson →
Module checkpoint
Check what you have taken in
2 questions
Question 1
A saturated soil has w = 30% and Gs = 2.72. What is its void ratio?
Question 2
Which unit weight should be used for effective stress below the water table?