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Queensferry

Module 13

Critical-state soil behaviour

One framework that ties the course together: the critical state a soil reaches at large strain, the critical-state line, and how a soil's state relative to it predicts strength, volume change and pore-pressure response.

What this module covers

  • State the critical state: continuous shearing at constant volume and constant stress
  • Draw the critical-state line in q–p′ (q = Mp′) and relate M to φ′cs
  • Distinguish soils wet of critical (contractive) from dry of critical (dilative)
  • Predict the sign of undrained pore-pressure change and the presence of a peak from the state
  • See how consolidation, stress history and strength are unified by one framework

Lessons

  1. The unique end-point of shearing, and the critical-state line.

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  2. State relative to the CSL, and what it predicts.

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  3. How consolidation, stress history and strength join up.

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Module checkpoint

Check what you have taken in

2 questions

  1. Question 1

    A soil has φ′cs = 27°. What is its critical-state stress ratio M? (M = 6 sinφ′/(3 − sinφ′).)

  2. Question 2

    A loose, saturated sand (well wet of critical) is sheared undrained by rapid loading. What is the danger?